ia_2011_b_smart

=B. Summary of Evidence (500-600 words) Tips]=

**__ Summary of Evidence __**

 The biggest event to have happened in the 1930’s was the build up to World War Two. In this time period David Low was in his prime for drawing cartoons for the newspapers. Low was born in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1981. It was at the age of fifteen that Low began to have his drawings published in magazines and newspapers in New Zealand. Low was inspired at an early age by the half-penny comics ‘Chips’, ‘Comic Cuts’, ‘Larks’, ‘Funny Cuts, ‘The Big Budget’.[1] For David Low, they were “the very essence, in fact, of British fun”.[2] He became enthralled in these comics and spent his week’s pocket money on them. Low modified a piano so that he could use it as a desk and began replicating and drawing his own cartoon comic strips. In 1903 Low produced his first comic strip, which consisted of three pictures: 1st, a man walking along, 2nd, that same man falling on his face over a rock and 3rd, the man getting up and walking away as though nothing had happened. The sight of his own work in print gave Low a huge confidence boost and with the earnings he got, he did everything he could to improve his cartoons. Whilst still in his teens, Low became appointed the regular "political cartoonist of the New Zealand Spectator" [3]. After the British writer Arnold Bennett wrote an article about Low in the New Statesman, he began to get job offers in England with the Daily News and the company’s evening paper, the Star. David Low was famous for his caricatures of famous people. In 1927 Low was given the freedom to express his own radical political views in the Evening Standard which ended with in his work being banned in Germany and Italy for his cartoons criticising Hitler and Mussolini [4]. Lows constant cartoons which were simply aimed at attacking “the appeasement” got him into a lot of trouble with the German and British Governments, after the war it was made known that in 1937 the German government asked the British government to have "discussions with the notorious Low" in an attempt to "bring influence to bear on him" to stop his cartoons attacking appeasement [5]. The term appeasement is used when talking about the foreign policy of the British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain towards Nazi Germany in 1938. Chamberlain's policies have been debated for seventy years among academics, politicians and diplomats. Historians say that Chamberlain made the mistake of trying to avoid war with Germany because it allowed Hitler to grow too strong, whereas Chamberlain said that he was "acting in Britain's best interests". At the time, the appeasement was seen as a positive thing, and along with the Munich Pact between Germany, Britain, France and Italy, Chamberlain said that he had secured "peace for our time". [6]      *Here would it be possible for you to send me the worksheet you mentioned in the discussion tab and I can work it in to my summary of evidence when I re-draft. Sorry I didn’t ask for it earlier* When Low’s cartoons began to get criticized it was around the time of the Second World War and the causes leading up to it. Low’s radical political views started to really stand out in various newspapers across the world. The Depression in 1929 – 1933 was a very difficult time for the whole world as the world economy following the Wall Street Crash began to fail; this had major impacts on international relations, "while the Great Depression made some countries more peaceful than ever, in others it led to governments coming to power which favoured foreign conquest as a means of alleviating the economic situation" [7]. This acted as the perfect time for Hitler to come to power in 1933 when he was appointed Chancellor of Germany. As we already know Low’s cartoons had an impact on the people around him in these different neighbouring countries. Every person who read the magazines and newspapers at this time saw Low’s political views on different political figures and they made people think.

[1] David Low (1957). //Low's Autobiography//. Simon and Schuster, in c (ISBN: ....)

[2] David Low (1957). //Low's Autobiography//. Simon and Schuster, inc (ISBN: ....)

[3] []

[4] Look at ‘List of Sources’ at Source A and Source B to see two examples of Low’s criticising cartoons about Hitler and Mussolini.

[5] []

[6] Lynn Hunt, //The Makings of the West// p.861

[7] Alan Farmer (2000). //An Introduction to Modern European History 1890 - 1990//. Hodder & Stoughton (ISBN: 0340753668)