yr11_nazis_schools

=Children School Curriculum.=

__1. What did the Nazis do?__
The Nazis were aware that education was the key to create future loyal followers for Hitler and the Nazis. In schools played a critical part in developing these followers. Indoctrination and the use of propaganda was a common practice in Nazi schools and the education system. Enforcing a Nazi curriculum on schools depended on the teachers delivering it. All teachers were check, by local Nazi officials, to make sure that the children were taught my fits and strong Germans. Any teacher considered disloyal was sacked. All teachers had to be careful about what they said as children were encouraged to inform the authorities if a teacher said something that did not fit in with the Nazi's curriculum for schools.

Primary School
The Poisonous Mushroom was a collection of 17 short stories by the Nazi writer Ernst Hiemer, with pictures by the Nazi artist Fips.

In the first story of the book, a German mother explains to her son how there are good and bad people, just as there are edible and poisonous mushrooms. The Jews, she tells him, are a 'poison' within Germany. 'Just as a single poisonous mushroom can kill a whole family, so a solitary Jew can destroy a whole village, a whole city, even an entire folk.' she warns him.

Secondary School
Schools could only use textbooks that have been approved by the party. On one occasion Bernhard Rust, Education Minister of the Reich stated that, "the whole function of education is to create Nazis."

Pupils were also taught about the problems of heredity. Older pupils were taught about the importance of selecting the right "mate" when marrying and producing children. The problems of inter-racial marriage were taught with an explanation that such marriages could only lead to a decline in racial purity.

Bernhard Rust purged the universities of Jews and those with left-wing views. Over a thousand people lost their jobs including Albert Einstein, James Franck, Fritz Haber and Otto Meyerhof. Rust justified his actions by claiming that: "We must have a new Aryan generation at the universities, or else we will lose the future."

Exam style question **"A bomber aircraft on take-off carries 12 dozen bombs, each weighing 10 kilos. The aircraft takes off for Warsaw the international centre for Jewry. It bombs the town. On take-off with all bombs on board and a fuel tank containing 100 kilos of fuel, the aircraft weighed about 8 tons. When it returns from the crusade, there are still 230 kilos left. What is the weight of the aircraft when empty?"**

Hitler saw children as the future
His main aim was to smarten, strengthen and purify the Aryan race and to promote Nazi ideals. The purpose of the young German children going to school was basically to brainwash them and without them realizing, persuade them despise and hate the Jews. The thoughts and beliefs of German children, and thus future adults, Germany’s next generation, were infiltrated.

Scare them to hate the Jews
Throughout the book ‘The Poisonous Mushroom’, the Jews are presented as people who enjoy it when Germans suffer, as evil, dirty and treacherous, as paedophiles or as sexual predators and as evil and dangerous people. Overall, the stories - one after the other - present and reinforce, time after time, the ideas that Jewish people are bad, and that good German children should hate them.

Glorify Hitler himself
At school, during their Germany lesson, they did not analyse poetry text or famous novels, but instead the thoroughly analysed Hitler's speeches. This encourage the students to think in the way that Hitler did and support his view by Hitler being presented as a hero, who will do all he can to give the German people work, freedom and bread. 'Arbeit, Freiheid, Broot'.

__3. Evidence of Success?__
Hitler Youth was for youths 'to be educated physically, mentally and morally in the spirit of National Socialism for the service of the people and for the community of the people'. Children were introduced to many new leisure activities that many had not participated in before such as swimming, parades, songs, expeditions, chariot races, model making and leaping through fire. Many people did enjoy going to Hitler Youth camps because it gave them something to do and many other youth organisations joined with the Hitler Youth, which made the Hitler Youth bigger and bigger and more and more popular. Generally the number of inscription for the Hitler Youth increase too. The Nazi Party was glorified heavily and the Jews were said to be 'our misfortune'. A major message that was passed through the Hitler Youth was that it was a man's duty to die for his country. This was good for Hitler's aims because he needed soldiers to fight for wars.

__4. Evidence of Failure[[image:WhiteRose.jpg width="260" height="175" align="right"]]__
The White Rose was an organisation which objected against the Nazis. The core of the White Rose consisted of five students — Sophie Scholl, her brother Hans Scholl, Alex Schmorell, Willi Graf, and Christoph Probst, all in their early twenties also members were Hans and Sophie's sister Inge Scholl, and a professor of philosophy, Kurt Huber. Between June 1942 and February 1943, they prepared and distributed six different leaflets, in which they called for the active opposition of the German people to Nazi oppression and tyranny. Huber drafted the final two leaflets. A draft of a seventh leaflet, written by Christoph Probst, was found in the possession of Hans Scholl at the time of his arrest by the Gestapo, who destroyed it. The group's members were motivated by their Christian beliefs. They had witnessed the atrocities of the war, both on the battlefield and against the civilian population in the East, and sensed that the reversal of fortune that the Wehrmacht suffered at Stalingrad would eventually lead to Germany's defeat. They rejected fascism and militarism and believed in a federated Europe that adhered to principles of tolerance and justice.

__5. Top Three Websites for further research__
- http://www.johndclare.net/Nazi_Germany2_PoisonousMushroom.htm - http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/Nazis_Education.htm - http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERrust.htm